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Safe
Routes to School - Additional Evidence
Safe Routes to School,
Additional Evidence -
PDF version
Please look at the Safe Routes to
School
Fact Sheet for a basic summary of the
program. This document provides a variety of
additional information that can be used in
support of Safe Routes to School.
Success of SRTS programs:
- A before-and-after study of Safe Routes to
School improvements in California found strong
evidence of immediate success in five of nine
schools studied. The study found more
children walked to school while automobile
speeds were lower and more drivers yielded to
pedestrians. The study found that
projects that closed sidewalk gaps were
especially successful. (CalDOT SRTS report to
the legislature, December 2003)
- The Marin County, California comprehensive SRTS program reports a 64 percent increase in
the number of students walking to school, a 114%
increase in the number of children bicycling,
and a 39% decrease in the number of children
arriving by private car carrying only one
student.
- At St. Mark's school in St. Paul, a "Safe
Routes" program increased the share of kids who
walk to school by 50 percent and sharply reduced
car traffic caused by parent drop-offs.
- Children's ability to cognitively
understand and map their neighborhood improved
dramatically when new sidewalks allowed them
to get out of the back seat of the car.
This study of children at several California
schools found that children perceived less
danger from automobiles and more friends and
places to play after street improvements were
made. (Bruce Appleyard, Livable Streets for
Children, 2004)
- (watch for updates of this section)
Senate Funding is Not Enough
The Senate bill calls for $70 million a year, less than
one-third the amount calculated for the original
program and less that one-half of the program included in the House legislation
(average of $166 million per year.) The Senate funding level is
inadequate to create a meaningful program or
begin to meet the demand.
The demand for Safe Routes to School projects is
clear. In states that have established Safe
Routes to School funding programs, requests have
far outstripped funding. In Texas, a $ 3 million
pool was increased to $5 million after it was
swamped by 45 million in requests. In its first
year, the California program received requests
totaling $130 million for $20 million in
funding.
Safety:
- A National Safe Kids Campaign survey found
that nearly sixty percent of parents and
children encounter at least one serious hazard
along their route to school.
- A Centers for Disease Control survey found
that forty percent of parents cited traffic as a
major barrier to allowing children to walk to
school.
- Per mile traveled, traveling to school in a
car driven by a teen is most hazardous, followed
by bicycling (about 10 deaths per 100 million
trips), then walking (about 5 deaths per 100
million trips).
- Each year, about 800 school-age children die
in traffic during normal school travel hours,
and about 152,000 are injured.
- About 22 percent of children killed in traffic
during school travel hours die while walking or
bicycling.
Above are from
The Relative Risks of School
Travel, TRB Special Report 269.Pedestrian
injury remains the second leading cause of
unintentional injury-related death among
children ages 5 to 14. Each year,
- nearly 720 children ages 14 and under die
from pedestrian-related injuries; and
- more than 46,000 are treated in hospital
emergency rooms.
Bicycles are associated with more childhood
injuries than any other consumer product except
the automobile. We know that almost all
bicycle crashes occur within one mile of the
bicyclist's home and each year:
- more than 170 children die from
bicycle-related injuries;
- approximately 356,000 children ages 14 and
under are treated in hospital emergency rooms
for bicycle-related injuries;
- nearly half of all children ages 14 and
under hospitalized for bicycle-related
injuries are diagnosed with traumatic brain
injury.
Above statistics were compiled by the
National SAFEKIDS Campaign.
General School Statistics:
Table with school districts by state.
School Transportation Statistics:
- Since 1970, the portion of public school
children transported by bus has increased from
43% to 57%.
- Per-pupil busing costs have grown from $394 in
1990-91 to $521 in 1999-2000.
- In 1999-2000, $13 billion was spent on busing
children to public schools, at an average cost
of $521 per student.
Above are School Bus Stats
from the
National Center for Education
Statistics.
Hazard busing:
Many school districts bus some children who live
very close to school, because the route to
school is considered too dangerous for walking
or bicycling. While no national statistics exist
on what is called “hazard busing” or “safety
busing,” some states do track this information:
- In Illinois, about 153,800 students, (15
percent of all those who ride a bus) do so
because it is considered too dangerous to walk
the less than 1.5 miles to school.
- In Chester County, near Philadelphia, two
students who attend Uwchlan Hills Elementary
School are an extreme example of hazard busing:
they ride the bus to cross a busy street:
roughly 90 yards. The street has no crosswalk.
Health
The
SRTS case statement
provides some good health-related statistics.
Academic Achievement:
- A California survey found that physically-fit
students achieved more academically, scoring
higher on standardized tests.
Links to Additional Programs:
A
listing
of Safe Routes to School programs in the US.
California statewide SR2S
program description.
Broad look at
ped programs
in California.
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